representation of regional identity

Representation of regional identity 

Regional Identity refers to the part of the United Kingdom someone is from. It could refer to a general area such a “North” or “South”, a country such as “English” or “Scottish” or specific towns such as “London” or “Manchester.”

Working class  Those individuals engaged in manual work, often having low levels of educational achievement. The classic, traditional working class jobs include heavy labouring and factory based work. 

Middle class  Those individuals engaged in non-manual work, often having higher levels of educational achievement. Classic middle class jobs include everything from doctors and lawyers to clerical workers. 

Upper class  The elite class that controls the majority of wealth and power in British society.  

Essex people

Essex often shown as being glamorous but cheap, footballer’s wives, lots of partying, being quite stupid.

South England 

South England – often shown as being the centre of culture, modern, classy, clever, sunny, richer, doing middle class jobs such as managers, etc.

North England

North England – often shown as being the centre of culture, modern, classy, clever, sunny, richer, doing middle class jobs such as managers, etc.]

Media Representations of social class:

Summary of theories

Representations of poverty and underclass

• Portrayal usually negative and stereotypical,

• Portrayed in the form of statistics in news bulletin such as figures of unemployment,

• Recent media interest in the labelling of the poor such as “chavs” which according to Shildrick and MacDonald (2007) suggest that the poor are undeserving of sympathy,

• Hayward and Yar (2006) – the term chav is used as an amusing term of abuse for young poor people

The media has portrayed the lower class man as being 'vile' as the media creates a negative viewpoint.The mans devious plan is used to represent all of those who need help from welfare state.Creating a negative view may persuade those that read the magazine that everyone that claim benefits are having a good life being lazy.The man is described to have "17 children so he can claim benefits" creating the stereotype of those that are claiming benefits are breeding lots of children so he can benefit from them.This may make the working class to look down at those who are lower class which creates a division within the classes.The anchorage been the negative caption and the positive image.The children are wearing cheap t shirts whereas the man is wearing the designer brand 'adidas' which conveys he makes sure he is presentable as he looks after himself more than his children.The man is accused of murder of 6 of his children which creates a violent atmosphere  and creates the viewers to be distrusted for his actions as people sympathies towards youth.He is seen as unable to cope to look after hid delinquent children which can create the stereotype of them being selfish.The use of him representing the lower class with the sub heading saying 'attempted murder;schoolgirl sex and rape claim" creates the imagery of people raised up in  a lower class area may be raised to be violent,thus creates others to have this negative picture of the lower class due to the media portraying them in a negative light. 


Shameless season 1 ep 4  in Manchester
 









        Shameless are used to represent the lower class,the editing of the dark household and the camera work of the messy clothing and house,creates the imagery of them not being presentable thus gives the viewpoint of them being carless and lazy.The boy is seen in almost every scene he is in smoking thus makes the viewer question why he is using his welfare on unnecessary things.The chaotic scenes of the fires makes them look like a fool which is comedic to others as the higher class or working class would laugh at them for entertainment. The shaky camera represents their crazy and dysfunctional lifestyle,this is also shown through the montage of the different characters,changing scenes quickly.

•   editing  
•        montages witching onto different characters description 
•        fats pace
•        intro to characters 
•        different scenes
•        cuts scenes
•          make it look darker
•  mis en scene 
•        council estate -stereotypical council -dark&messy
•        fires-pubs
•        not able to look after themselves-dirty clothes  
•        smoking-buying it from welfare 
•        young parents
•        rude/aggressive 
•        swearing - poor parenting skills
•        violence- toilet scene fights -knifes -normalized 
•        dysfunctional -cant cook - cluttered house
•         rebellious- no respect
•        sexual behaviour-inappropriate
•        accents- stereotypical working class 

            sound 

•        narrative 
•        different voices 
•        piano music 
•        drums to show urgency  
•        music showing curiosity 
•        music-comedic
•        
• camera work  
•        different angles 
•        close ups 
•        zooming in 
•        panning
•        changing scenes 
•        follows them around (looks like documentary)
•        shaky camera - showing chaotic lifestyle 

Four key themes in racial representation:

–exotic

–dangerous

–humorous

–pitied

–Musicians – jazz, hip-hop and soul

–Sportsmen and women

–Comedians

–Criminals

–Socially dysfunctional

–Prostitute/sexually promiscuous

–The stud/pimp

Media representation

Media representation:

How Uk migration is represented
Uk migration is frowned upon,due to the representation of a massive queue of people trying to get in.However, this is a false image the media has given to the public as they wouldn't be a large group of people.The image of a vast group makes people believe they're lots of people.This red capital letters "BREAKING POINT' create a alert and dangerous image thus creates people to believe migration is going to put everybody in danger.The people look poor and that they are in need,creating people to believe they're will receive benefits and that their tax is going towards them.This would create people to not want them in.

Discus the ideology of the UKIP party 

Ukip has also placed emphasis on lowering immigration, rejecting multiculturalism, and opposing what it calls the "Islamification" of Britain.

To what degree do you think that issue of migration influenced Brexit?

Migration has influence others to vote for Brexit as they believe voting out will decrease the level of migrants coming in.However,people are now beginning o understand that most migrants do jobs that people wouldn't want to do.





stereotypes:
Black people:

• strong black women 
• can dance 
• violent
• in gangs
• thugs
• likes chicken 
• loud
• sings
• spicy food

   youth: 

• Wear hoodies 
• have life easy 
• insecure
• easier exams
• criminals 
• drugs
• alcohol
• no intrest in politics
• knife carries
• brain dead
• phone obsessed 
• cant drive
• moody 
• wear full face of makeup
• tracksuits

females:

• house wives 
• have babies
• lower than men 
• have to constantly look good 
• unemployed
• beauty (within narrow conventions)
• size/physique (again, within narrow conventions)
• sexuality (as expressed by the above)
• emotional (as opposed to intellectual) dealings
• relationships (as opposed to independence/
•   freedom) 

Scottish:

• alcoholics
• argumentative
• drug addicts (heroin)
• rugby 
• gingers
• pessimistic
• love haggis 
• always wear a kilt 
• bag pipes 
• tough as nails 

essex people 

• spray tan
• loud 
• short clothes
• short temper
• dramatic
• dumb

males 

• cant clean,cook,look after children
• dominant 
• physical work 
• messy
• play video games

Age

• slow 
• dumb
• buffoon 
• good heart 
• dim
• self opinionated  

The inbetweeners

in the episode there is stereotypes presented.They present youth as being very mischievous and disrespectful for example when two of the boys decided to kick flowers of a persons garden.They're did not think about the person that lives there but instead choice what was entertaining for them.One of the boys refused to participated which caused the others to call him names this creates the stereotype of youth having to act rebellious to be excepted and that they would be 'bullied' if they decided to not participate.The boys also wanted to have a party without the mums permission creating the stereotypes of them being 'rebellious'.The youth swore a lot teach other and in there vocabulary such as 'f*ck of' and blo*dy hell' creating the youth as having the stereotype as not being smart. The boys didn't like the fact they were playing the wii as it was seen as being to feminine this conveys boys want to feel dominant such as playing a playstation as it more popular which also creates the stereotype of them 'jumping on the bag-wagon'.Stereotypes were shown as them being very sexually active as they watch videos and told there friends mum to bounce up and down trying to sexualise her.
For the sound in the video there is narration telling the viewer in a funny and cheesy way of describing hat going on.The camerawork changed from different angles to keep the viewer entertained.

In Advertising and Magazines

They are shown as…

•Young

•Slim

•Overwhelmingly white

•Conforming to our image of ideal beauty (perfect skin, hair and alluring gaze).

Laura Mulvey:

She was a theorist and a feminist

Mulvey, came up with the concept on male gaze in 1975.

Here Mulvey wrote a very influential essay ‘Visual pleasure and Narrative Cinema’. Stating that women are used for visual pleasure- women are made to seem like sexual objects through voyeurism.

she argued that women took the passive part of a film and that all men played an active part, in her eye the women were objects.

Gender Representation

Van Zoonen – feminism and patriarchy.

Van Zoonen believes the media portray images of stereotypical women and this behavior reinforces societal views.

The media does this because they believe it reflects dominant social values (what people believe in) and male producers are influenced by this. This is a patriarchy (a society ran by men for men) which dominates and oppresses women.

'Masculinity' is a concept that is made up of more rigid stereotypes than femininity. 

Representations of men across all media tend to focus on the following:

•Strength - physical and intellectual

•Power

•Sexual attractiveness (which may be based on the above)

•Physique

•Independence (of thought, action, finances)

Male characters are often represented as isolated, as not needing to rely on others (the lone 

hero). If they submit to being part of a family, it is often part of the resolution of a narrative, 

rather than an integral factor in the initial balance.

It is interesting to note that the male physique is becoming more important a part of 

representations of masculinity. 

The Fool/ Buffoon

The fool stereotype is a tried and tested formula  e.g. the bungling father in TV ads and Sitcoms. Usually well intentioned and light hearted, these characters range from slightly inept to completely hopeless in work or parenting and domestic situations.

comparison of male and female stereotype: 

In the image of Tinnie Temper he is wearing a black tuxedo creates the sense of him being dominant which links to the stereotypes of males being powerful and strong.The contrast of the black and white creates a 'James Bond' look which also links to masularity . The use of the Lexi 'solo' emphasises that he is independent which gives the stereotype of not needing a female figure.The tuxedo can be portrayed as him having a good finance which can be attracted to some females as he look well looked after for an example; him being shaved and his hair having a trim.His glasses creates the sense of him being well educated and intelligent thus creates the ideal image of him being self driven also shown through his facial expression being serious.The male is standing up straight which shows his masularity being powerful and strong.

Wheres,in the female magazine she is wearing a full face of makeup;red lipstick can be seen as a seductive  colour to wear.Furthermore,she is wearing no nothing on her body except the luxurious jewellery that stands out in the image.The fancy background makes it seem glamorous  also.The subheading 'women of the year' can create the idea of being seductive can make you the ideal best women.This can be seen as being inappropriate as the female is seen as being more of a sexualised object whereas,the man is seen as powerful.Her body being scrunched up into a ball can suggest she is feeling uncomfortable.Her skin is photoshopped  and her slim body is shown of showing of the stereotypical view of how a women is meant to look like.Her long hair is silky and shiny showing how she has money.However,it can be seen as her being body confident as she doesn't mind showing of her body and trying to embrace it.

stereotypes in the media

stereotypes in the media 

Black people:

• strong black women 
• can dance 
• violent
• in gangs
• thugs
• likes chicken 
• loud
• sings
• spicy food

 

   youth: 

• Wear hoodies 
• have life easy 
• insecure
• easier exams
• criminals 
• drugs
• alcohol
• no intrest in politics
• knife carries
• brain dead
• phone obsessed 
• cant drive
• moody 
• wear full face of makeup
• tracksuits

females:

• house wives 
• have babies
• lower than men 
• have to constantly look good 
• unemployed

Scottish:

• alcoholics
• argumentative
• drug addicts (heroin)
• rugby 
• gingers
• pessimistic
• love haggis 
• always wear a kilt 
• bag pipes 
• tough as nails 

essex people 

• spray tan
• loud 
• short clothes
• short temper
• dramatic
• dumb
• 
  

males 

• cant clean,cook,look after children
• dominant 
• physical work 
• messy
• play video games

Age

• slow 
• dumb
• buffoon 
• good heart 
• dim
• self opinionated  

constructed media

CONSTRUCTED MEDIA 

Constructed media are carefully constructed products.Such as newspapers to nature shows, media producers actively select and construct particular images of the world.All of us have a construct,a picture (based on our observations and experiences)in our heads about what the world is and how it works.The process in which the media is shaded and is designed to keep the audience interested.

for an example;

• In photographs the photographer's own vision of what she wants to show within the frame demonstrates her own values and beliefs. 
• A newspaper writer’s articles may be based on his own beliefs, or based on the beliefs and ideologies of his publishers, or perhaps even the beliefs of the companies who advertise in that particular newspaper. 

       Anchorage is when a pice of media uses other pieces of media to reduce the amount of connotations in the first, therefore allowing the audience to interpret it much more easily.For an example in a newspaper there is a caption next to the picture so you can understand what the picture  is about.

          Sterotype a social shared set of belefs and traits that are characteristics of members of a social category.

       caricature is a over exaggerated picture or character.To create a comic or grotesque effect.

   

 Donald Trump speech:

https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2015/06/16/trump_mexico_not_sending_us_their_best_criminals_drug_dealers_and_rapists_are_crossing_border.html

Donald trump represented Mexicans through the stereotype "bringing drugs. They’re bringing crime. They’re rapists. He then tries to get the Americans on his side by  created a constructed idea of them being against them. "They’re laughing at us, at our stupidity. And now they are beating us economically. They are not our friend, believe me. But they’re killing us economically."

Obama speech:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0qKgS2O1QUQ from 4:00 to 5:48\

President Obama addresses a crowd in Mexico City in both Spanish and English. "We are a nation of laws, but we are also a nation of immigrants... And our laws don't reflect our values," he tells the crowd. He says he is confident immigration reform will pass in Congress this year.

Serena Willaims:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BvXJOnoFgqc

Serena Williams claims that it was 'sexim' led her to be penalised.Chanel 4 

reported Serena Williams confrontation as being bias due to all of the presenters

being female this could create a one sided conversation.She lost the match, but her

outbursts at the umpire and the penalties levied have led to the tennis world taking a

long hard look at whether the men and women players are treated equally. Serena was fined $17,000 for this,whereas,Novak Djokovic was only given a warning for calling the umpire a 'bum'.

This image was created byMark Knight,who was born in 1960, many people believe that this is a racist and sexist cartoon of her and are very disappointed.He portrays her as being a 'angry black women' looking aggressive.The 1899 children's book, The Story of Little Black Sambo, featured derogatory racial depictions - such as characters with thick red lips.He responds by saying "The cartoon was just about Serena on the day having a tantrum" however fails to apologies on how this may have been portrayed in the wrong way to other people.

lynx advert

This advert made for men can be very offensive as the glamour model Lucy Pinder wearing very little amount of clothing and a full amount of makeup.This is portrayed as being a stereotypical female being domesticated .The glamour model is airbrushed as though this is what a women needs to look like.The use of the slogan 'can you make you lose control' this sexualises the women as she stands in her underwear.This can also been seen as degrading men as they're portrayed as being sex driven.They received complaints that the ad campaign was offensive, degraded and objectified women, and ran on websites where it was too easily able to be viewed by children.

The only way is Essex

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7ufglX_Duc

    I believe a structured reality TV  show is when the scenes are fixed to create the audience to become interested.For an example they may get told what to say to  each other or how to act.

       The only way is Essex scene is of the cast sitting at a club drinking.The first thing you can hear is their fake accents which sound very irritating.This may create a view of all Essex accents to sound like theirs if they do not live or know anybody in the area ,them speaking informally and improper may create the image of Essex people being dumb.The cast are fake tanned and have a full face of makeup which give the stereotype of Essex people as being “fake” and all alike.They’re sitting with each other not really bonding and communicating as a group which makes them seem very boring.

     The group end up having a row which creates the impression of Essex people being very problematic and dramatic.Their argument was vey silly and immature  which doesn’t give a good impression to those who live in the area.